There are two main types of computer keyboard out there. First, there are keyboards designed for office computing, with flat keys, quiet keying and sometimes a few extra functions like backlighting, wireless support for cable-free use and solar-powered batteries. In this market, Logitech is king, with Microsoft lined up as the main alternative. Smaller manufacturers like Cherry, Keytronic and Trust offer cheaper models.
Keyboards designed for gamers, however, are a different kettle of fish entirely. Heavyweight gamers tend to prefer mechanical keyboards with higher, noisier keys that offer more resistance and greater responsiveness. The main brands in this sector are Razer, SteelSeries, Corsair, Logitech and Microsoft, with no real leader of the pack. These keyboards use more complex electronics, allowing key combinations you couldn't get with a standard office-style model. They also usually come with advanced driver software that lets you change settings, assign keys and set up macros (a chain of actions assigned to one key, such as jump + gun reload + roll). But these advanced functions aren't only useful for gamers. Graphic designers, for example, could find it handy to set up macros in image editing software (resize + save image, etc.).
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